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f.messages;s[r.name]=f;i.messages&&(e.messages[r.name]=n.extend(e.messages[r.name],i.messages));break;case"remove":return i?(h={},n.each(i.split(/\s/),function(n,t){h[t]=f[t];delete f[t]}),h):(delete s[r.name],f)}}return u=n.validator.normalizeRules(n.extend({},n.validator.classRules(r),n.validator.attributeRules(r),n.validator.dataRules(r),n.validator.staticRules(r)),r),u.required&&(o=u.required,delete u.required,u=n.extend({required:o},u)),u.remote&&(o=u.remote,delete u.remote,u=n.extend(u,{remote:o})),u}}});n.extend(n.expr.pseudos||n.expr[":"],{blank:function(t){return!n.trim(""+n(t).val())},filled:function(t){var i=n(t).val();return i!==null&&!!n.trim(""+i)},unchecked:function(t){return!n(t).prop("checked")}});n.validator=function(t,i){this.settings=n.extend(!0,{},n.validator.defaults,t);this.currentForm=i;this.init()};n.validator.format=function(t,i){return arguments.length===1?function(){var i=n.makeArray(arguments);return i.unshift(t),n.validator.format.apply(this,i)}:i===undefined?t:(arguments.length>2&&i.constructor!==Array&&(i=n.makeArray(arguments).slice(1)),i.constructor!==Array&&(i=[i]),n.each(i,function(n,i){t=t.replace(new RegExp("\\{"+n+"\\}","g"),function(){return i})}),t)};n.extend(n.validator,{defaults:{messages:{},groups:{},rules:{},errorClass:"error",pendingClass:"pending",validClass:"valid",errorElement:"label",focusCleanup:!1,focusInvalid:!0,errorContainer:n([]),errorLabelContainer:n([]),onsubmit:!0,ignore:":hidden",ignoreTitle:!1,onfocusin:function(n){this.lastActive=n;this.settings.focusCleanup&&(this.settings.unhighlight&&this.settings.unhighlight.call(this,n,this.settings.errorClass,this.settings.validClass),this.hideThese(this.errorsFor(n)))},onfocusout:function(n){!this.checkable(n)&&(n.name in this.submitted||!this.optional(n))&&this.element(n)},onkeyup:function(t,i){(i.which!==9||this.elementValue(t)!=="")&&n.inArray(i.keyCode,[16,17,18,20,35,36,37,38,39,40,45,144,225])===-1&&(t.name in this.submitted||t.name in this.invalid)&&this.element(t)},onclick:function(n){n.name in this.submitted?this.element(n):n.parentNode.name in this.submitted&&this.element(n.parentNode)},highlight:function(t,i,r){t.type==="radio"?this.findByName(t.name).addClass(i).removeClass(r):n(t).addClass(i).removeClass(r)},unhighlight:function(t,i,r){t.type==="radio"?this.findByName(t.name).removeClass(i).addClass(r):n(t).removeClass(i).addClass(r)}},setDefaults:function(t){n.extend(n.validator.defaults,t)},messages:{required:"This field is required.",remote:"Please fix this field.",email:"Please enter a valid email address.",url:"Please enter a valid URL.",date:"Please enter a valid date.",dateISO:"Please enter a valid date (ISO).",number:"Please enter a valid number.",digits:"Please enter only digits.",equalTo:"Please enter the same value again.",maxlength:n.validator.format("Please enter no more than {0} characters."),minlength:n.validator.format("Please enter at least {0} characters."),rangelength:n.validator.format("Please enter a value between {0} and {1} characters long."),range:n.validator.format("Please enter a value between {0} and {1}."),max:n.validator.format("Please enter a value less than or equal to {0}."),min:n.validator.format("Please enter a value greater than or equal to {0}."),step:n.validator.format("Please enter a multiple of {0}.")},autoCreateRanges:!1,prototype:{init:function(){function i(t){!this.form&&this.hasAttribute("contenteditable")&&(this.form=n(this).closest("form")[0],this.name=n(this).attr("name"));var r=n.data(this.form,"validator"),u="on"+t.type.replace(/^validate/,""),i=r.settings;i[u]&&!n(this).is(i.ignore)&&i[u].call(r,this,t)}this.labelContainer=n(this.settings.errorLabelContainer);this.errorContext=this.labelContainer.length&&this.labelContainer||n(this.currentForm);this.containers=n(this.settings.errorContainer).add(this.settings.errorLabelContainer);this.submitted={};this.valueCache={};this.pendingRequest=0;this.pending={};this.invalid={};this.reset();var r=this.groups={},t;n.each(this.settings.groups,function(t,i){typeof i=="string"&&(i=i.split(/\s/));n.each(i,function(n,i){r[i]=t})});t=this.settings.rules;n.each(t,function(i,r){t[i]=n.validator.normalizeRule(r)});n(this.currentForm).on("focusin.validate focusout.validate keyup.validate",":text, [type='password'], [type='file'], select, textarea, [type='number'], [type='search'], [type='tel'], [type='url'], [type='email'], [type='datetime'], [type='date'], [type='month'], [type='week'], [type='time'], [type='datetime-local'], [type='range'], [type='color'], [type='radio'], [type='checkbox'], [contenteditable], [type='button']",i).on("click.validate","select, option, [type='radio'], [type='checkbox']",i);if(this.settings.invalidHandler)n(this.currentForm).on("invalid-form.validate",this.settings.invalidHandler)},form:function(){return this.checkForm(),n.extend(this.submitted,this.errorMap),this.invalid=n.extend({},this.errorMap),this.valid()||n(this.currentForm).triggerHandler("invalid-form",[this]),this.showErrors(),this.valid()},checkForm:function(){this.prepareForm();for(var n=0,t=this.currentElements=this.elements();t[n];n++)this.check(t[n]);return this.valid()},element:function(t){var i=this.clean(t),r=this.validationTargetFor(i),u=this,f=!0,e,o;return r===undefined?delete this.invalid[i.name]:(this.prepareElement(r),this.currentElements=n(r),o=this.groups[r.name],o&&n.each(this.groups,function(n,t){t===o&&n!==r.name&&(i=u.validationTargetFor(u.clean(u.findByName(n))),i&&i.name in u.invalid&&(u.currentElements.push(i),f=u.check(i)&&f))}),e=this.check(r)!==!1,f=f&&e,this.invalid[r.name]=e?!1:!0,this.numberOfInvalids()||(this.toHide=this.toHide.add(this.containers)),this.showErrors(),n(t).attr("aria-invalid",!e)),f},showErrors:function(t){if(t){var i=this;n.extend(this.errorMap,t);this.errorList=n.map(this.errorMap,function(n,t){return{message:n,element:i.findByName(t)[0]}});this.successList=n.grep(this.successList,function(n){return!(n.name in t)})}this.settings.showErrors?this.settings.showErrors.call(this,this.errorMap,this.errorList):this.defaultShowErrors()},resetForm:function(){n.fn.resetForm&&n(this.currentForm).resetForm();this.invalid={};this.submitted={};this.prepareForm();this.hideErrors();var t=this.elements().removeData("previousValue").removeAttr("aria-invalid");this.resetElements(t)},resetElements:function(n){var t;if(this.settings.unhighlight)for(t=0;n[t];t++)this.settings.unhighlight.call(this,n[t],this.settings.errorClass,""),this.findByName(n[t].name).removeClass(this.settings.validClass);else n.removeClass(this.settings.errorClass).removeClass(this.settings.validClass)},numberOfInvalids:function(){return this.objectLength(this.invalid)},objectLength:function(n){var i=0;for(var t in n)n[t]!==undefined&&n[t]!==null&&n[t]!==!1&&i++;return i},hideErrors:function(){this.hideThese(this.toHide)},hideThese:function(n){n.not(this.containers).text("");this.addWrapper(n).hide()},valid:function(){return this.size()===0},size:function(){return this.errorList.length},focusInvalid:function(){if(this.settings.focusInvalid)try{n(this.findLastActive()||this.errorList.length&&this.errorList[0].element||[]).filter(":visible").focus().trigger("focusin")}catch(t){}},findLastActive:function(){var t=this.lastActive;return t&&n.grep(this.errorList,function(n){return n.element.name===t.name}).length===1&&t},elements:function(){var t=this,i={};return n(this.currentForm).find("input, select, textarea, [contenteditable]").not(":submit, :reset, :image, :disabled").not(this.settings.ignore).filter(function(){var r=this.name||n(this).attr("name");return(!r&&t.settings.debug&&window.console&&console.error("%o has no name assigned",this),this.hasAttribute("contenteditable")&&(this.form=n(this).closest("form")[0],this.name=r),r in i||!t.objectLength(n(this).rules()))?!1:(i[r]=!0,!0)})},clean:function(t){return n(t)[0]},errors:function(){var t=this.settings.errorClass.split(" ").join(".");return n(this.settings.errorElement+"."+t,this.errorContext)},resetInternals:function(){this.successList=[];this.errorList=[];this.errorMap={};this.toShow=n([]);this.toHide=n([])},reset:function(){this.resetInternals();this.currentElements=n([])},prepareForm:function(){this.reset();this.toHide=this.errors().add(this.containers)},prepareElement:function(n){this.reset();this.toHide=this.errorsFor(n)},elementValue:function(t){var f=n(t),u=t.type,i,r;return u==="radio"||u==="checkbox"?this.findByName(t.name).filter(":checked").val():u==="number"&&typeof t.validity!="undefined"?t.validity.badInput?"NaN":f.val():(i=t.hasAttribute("contenteditable")?f.text():f.val(),u==="file")?i.substr(0,12)==="C:\\fakepath\\"?i.substr(12):(r=i.lastIndexOf("/"),r>=0)?i.substr(r+1):(r=i.lastIndexOf("\\"),r>=0)?i.substr(r+1):i:typeof i=="string"?i.replace(/\r/g,""):i},check:function(t){t=this.validationTargetFor(this.clean(t));var i=n(t).rules(),c=n.map(i,function(n,t){return t}).length,h=!1,u=this.elementValue(t),f,e,r,o;if(typeof i.normalizer=="function"?o=i.normalizer:typeof this.settings.normalizer=="function"&&(o=this.settings.normalizer),o){if(u=o.call(t,u),typeof u!="string")throw new TypeError("The normalizer should return a string value.");delete i.normalizer}for(e in i){r={method:e,parameters:i[e]};try{if(f=n.validator.methods[e].call(this,u,t,r.parameters),f==="dependency-mismatch"&&c===1){h=!0;continue}if(h=!1,f==="pending"){this.toHide=this.toHide.not(this.errorsFor(t));return}if(!f)return this.formatAndAdd(t,r),!1}catch(s){this.settings.debug&&window.console&&console.log("Exception occurred when checking element "+t.id+", check the '"+r.method+"' method.",s);s instanceof TypeError&&(s.message+=".  Exception occurred when checking element "+t.id+", check the '"+r.method+"' method.");throw s;}}if(!h)return this.objectLength(i)&&this.successList.push(t),!0},customDataMessage:function(t,i){return n(t).data("msg"+i.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+i.substring(1).toLowerCase())||n(t).data("msg")},customMessage:function(n,t){var i=this.settings.messages[n];return i&&(i.constructor===String?i:i[t])},findDefined:function(){for(var n=0;n<arguments.length;n++)if(arguments[n]!==undefined)return arguments[n];return undefined},defaultMessage:function(t,i){typeof i=="string"&&(i={method:i});var r=this.findDefined(this.customMessage(t.name,i.method),this.customDataMessage(t,i.method),!this.settings.ignoreTitle&&t.title||undefined,n.validator.messages[i.method],"<strong>Warning: No message defined for "+t.name+"<\/strong>"),u=/\$?\{(\d+)\}/g;return typeof r=="function"?r=r.call(this,i.parameters,t):u.test(r)&&(r=n.validator.format(r.replace(u,"{$1}"),i.parameters)),r},formatAndAdd:function(n,t){var i=this.defaultMessage(n,t);this.errorList.push({message:i,element:n,method:t.method});this.errorMap[n.name]=i;this.submitted[n.name]=i},addWrapper:function(n){return this.settings.wrapper&&(n=n.add(n.parent(this.settings.wrapper))),n},defaultShowErrors:function(){for(var i,t,n=0;this.errorList[n];n++)t=this.errorList[n],this.settings.highlight&&this.settings.highlight.call(this,t.element,this.settings.errorClass,this.settings.validClass),this.showLabel(t.element,t.message);if(this.errorList.length&&(this.toShow=this.toShow.add(this.containers)),this.settings.success)for(n=0;this.successList[n];n++)this.showLabel(this.successList[n]);if(this.settings.unhighlight)for(n=0,i=this.validElements();i[n];n++)this.settings.unhighlight.call(this,i[n],this.settings.errorClass,this.settings.validClass);this.toHide=this.toHide.not(this.toShow);this.hideErrors();this.addWrapper(this.toShow).show()},validElements:function(){return this.currentElements.not(this.invalidElements())},invalidElements:function(){return n(this.errorList).map(function(){return this.element})},showLabel:function(t,i){var u,s,e,o,r=this.errorsFor(t),h=this.idOrName(t),f=n(t).attr("aria-describedby");r.length?(r.removeClass(this.settings.validClass).addClass(this.settings.errorClass),r.html(i)):(r=n("<"+this.settings.errorElement+">").attr("id",h+"-error").addClass(this.settings.errorClass).html(i||""),u=r,this.settings.wrapper&&(u=r.hide().show().wrap("<"+this.settings.wrapper+"/>").parent()),this.labelContainer.length?this.labelContainer.append(u):this.settings.errorPlacement?this.settings.errorPlacement.call(this,u,n(t)):u.insertAfter(t),r.is("label")?r.attr("for",h):r.parents("label[for='"+this.escapeCssMeta(h)+"']").length===0&&(e=r.attr("id"),f?f.match(new RegExp("\\b"+this.escapeCssMeta(e)+"\\b"))||(f+=" "+e):f=e,n(t).attr("aria-describedby",f),s=this.groups[t.name],s&&(o=this,n.each(o.groups,function(t,i){i===s&&n("[name='"+o.escapeCssMeta(t)+"']",o.currentForm).attr("aria-describedby",r.attr("id"))}))));!i&&this.settings.success&&(r.text(""),typeof this.settings.success=="string"?r.addClass(this.settings.success):this.settings.success(r,t));this.toShow=this.toShow.add(r)},errorsFor:function(t){var r=this.escapeCssMeta(this.idOrName(t)),u=n(t).attr("aria-describedby"),i="label[for='"+r+"'], label[for='"+r+"'] *";return u&&(i=i+", #"+this.escapeCssMeta(u).replace(/\s+/g,", #")),this.errors().filter(i)},escapeCssMeta:function(n){return n.replace(/([\\!"#$%&'()*+,./:;<=>?@\[\]^`{|}~])/g,"\\$1")},idOrName:function(n){return this.groups[n.name]||(this.checkable(n)?n.name:n.id||n.name)},validationTargetFor:function(t){return this.checkable(t)&&(t=this.findByName(t.name)),n(t).not(this.settings.ignore)[0]},checkable:function(n){return/radio|checkbox/i.test(n.type)},findByName:function(t){return n(this.currentForm).find("[name='"+this.escapeCssMeta(t)+"']")},getLength:function(t,i){switch(i.nodeName.toLowerCase()){case"select":return n("option:selected",i).length;case"input":if(this.checkable(i))return this.findByName(i.name).filter(":checked").length}return t.length},depend:function(n,t){return this.dependTypes[typeof n]?this.dependTypes[typeof n](n,t):!0},dependTypes:{boolean:function(n){return n},string:function(t,i){return!!n(t,i.form).length},"function":function(n,t){return n(t)}},optional:function(t){var i=this.elementValue(t);return!n.validator.methods.required.call(this,i,t)&&"dependency-mismatch"},startRequest:function(t){this.pending[t.name]||(this.pendingRequest++,n(t).addClass(this.settings.pendingClass),this.pending[t.name]=!0)},stopRequest:function(t,i){this.pendingRequest--;this.pendingRequest<0&&(this.pendingRequest=0);delete this.pending[t.name];n(t).removeClass(this.settings.pendingClass);i&&this.pendingRequest===0&&this.formSubmitted&&this.form()?(n(this.currentForm).submit(),this.submitButton&&n("input:hidden[name='"+this.submitButton.name+"']",this.currentForm).remove(),this.formSubmitted=!1):!i&&this.pendingRequest===0&&this.formSubmitted&&(n(this.currentForm).triggerHandler("invalid-form",[this]),this.formSubmitted=!1)},previousValue:function(t,i){return i=typeof i=="string"&&i||"remote",n.data(t,"previousValue")||n.data(t,"previousValue",{old:null,valid:!0,message:this.defaultMessage(t,{method:i})})},destroy:function(){this.resetForm();n(this.currentForm).off(".validate").removeData("validator").find(".validate-equalTo-blur").off(".validate-equalTo").removeClass("validate-equalTo-blur")}},classRuleSettings:{required:{required:!0},email:{email:!0},url:{url:!0},date:{date:!0},dateISO:{dateISO:!0},number:{number:!0},digits:{digits:!0},creditcard:{creditcard:!0}},addClassRules:function(t,i){t.constructor===String?this.classRuleSettings[t]=i:n.extend(this.classRuleSettings,t)},classRules:function(t){var i={},r=n(t).attr("class");return r&&n.each(r.split(" "),function(){this in n.validator.classRuleSettings&&n.extend(i,n.validator.classRuleSettings[this])}),i},normalizeAttributeRule:function(n,t,i,r){/min|max|step/.test(i)&&(t===null||/number|range|text/.test(t))&&(r=Number(r),isNaN(r)&&(r=undefined));r||r===0?n[i]=r:t===i&&t!=="range"&&(n[i]=!0)},attributeRules:function(t){var r={},f=n(t),e=t.getAttribute("type"),u,i;for(u in n.validator.methods)u==="required"?(i=t.getAttribute(u),i===""&&(i=!0),i=!!i):i=f.attr(u),this.normalizeAttributeRule(r,e,u,i);return r.maxlength&&/-1|2147483647|524288/.test(r.maxlength)&&delete r.maxlength,r},dataRules:function(t){var r={},f=n(t),e=t.getAttribute("type"),i,u;for(i in n.validator.methods)u=f.data("rule"+i.charAt(0).toUpperCase()+i.substring(1).toLowerCase()),this.normalizeAttributeRule(r,e,i,u);return r},staticRules:function(t){var i={},r=n.data(t.form,"validator");return r.settings.rules&&(i=n.validator.normalizeRule(r.settings.rules[t.name])||{}),i},normalizeRules:function(t,i){return n.each(t,function(r,u){if(u===!1){delete t[r];return}if(u.param||u.depends){var f=!0;switch(typeof u.depends){case"string":f=!!n(u.depends,i.form).length;break;case"function":f=u.depends.call(i,i)}f?t[r]=u.param!==undefined?u.param:!0:(n.data(i.form,"validator").resetElements(n(i)),delete t[r])}}),n.each(t,function(r,u){t[r]=n.isFunction(u)&&r!=="normalizer"?u(i):u}),n.each(["minlength","maxlength"],function(){t[this]&&(t[this]=Number(t[this]))}),n.each(["rangelength","range"],function(){var i;t[this]&&(n.isArray(t[this])?t[this]=[Number(t[this][0]),Number(t[this][1])]:typeof t[this]=="string"&&(i=t[this].replace(/[\[\]]/g,"").split(/[\s,]+/),t[this]=[Number(i[0]),Number(i[1])]))}),n.validator.autoCreateRanges&&(t.min!=null&&t.max!=null&&(t.range=[t.min,t.max],delete t.min,delete t.max),t.minlength!=null&&t.maxlength!=null&&(t.rangelength=[t.minlength,t.maxlength],delete t.minlength,delete t.maxlength)),t},normalizeRule:function(t){if(typeof t=="string"){var i={};n.each(t.split(/\s/),function(){i[this]=!0});t=i}return t},addMethod:function(t,i,r){n.validator.methods[t]=i;n.validator.messages[t]=r!==undefined?r:n.validator.messages[t];i.length<3&&n.validator.addClassRules(t,n.validator.normalizeRule(t))},methods:{required:function(t,i,r){if(!this.depend(r,i))return"dependency-mismatch";if(i.nodeName.toLowerCase()==="select"){var u=n(i).val();return u&&u.length>0}return this.checkable(i)?this.getLength(t,i)>0:t.length>0},email:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||/^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)*$/.test(n)},url:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||/^(?:(?:(?:https?|ftp):)?\/\/)(?:\S+(?::\S*)?@)?(?:(?!(?:10|127)(?:\.\d{1,3}){3})(?!(?:169\.254|192\.168)(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2\d|3[0-1])(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[01]\d|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)(?:\.(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)*(?:\.(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff]{2,})).?)(?::\d{2,5})?(?:[/?#]\S*)?$/i.test(n)},date:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||!/Invalid|NaN/.test(new Date(n).toString())},dateISO:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||/^\d{4}[\/\-](0?[1-9]|1[012])[\/\-](0?[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])$/.test(n)},number:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||/^(?:-?\d+|-?\d{1,3}(?:,\d{3})+)?(?:\.\d+)?$/.test(n)},digits:function(n,t){return this.optional(t)||/^\d+$/.test(n)},minlength:function(t,i,r){var u=n.isArray(t)?t.length:this.getLength(t,i);return this.optional(i)||u>=r},maxlength:function(t,i,r){var 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/*! jQuery UI - v1.12.1 - 2017-01-30
* http://jqueryui.com
* Includes: keycode.js, widgets/datepicker.js
* Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors; Licensed MIT */
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/*!
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 * http://jqueryui.com
 *
 * Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license.
 * http://jquery.org/license
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/*!
 * jQuery UI Datepicker 1.12.1
 * http://jqueryui.com
 *
 * Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors
 * Released under the MIT license.
 * http://jquery.org/license
 */
n.extend(n.ui,{datepicker:{version:"1.12.1"}});n.extend(r.prototype,{markerClassName:"hasDatepicker",maxRows:4,_widgetDatepicker:function(){return this.dpDiv},setDefaults:function(n){return i(this._defaults,n||{}),this},_attachDatepicker:function(t,i){var r,f,u;r=t.nodeName.toLowerCase();f=r==="div"||r==="span";t.id||(this.uuid+=1,t.id="dp"+this.uuid);u=this._newInst(n(t),f);u.settings=n.extend({},i||{});r==="input"?this._connectDatepicker(t,u):f&&this._inlineDatepicker(t,u)},_newInst:function(t,i){var r=t[0].id.replace(/([^A-Za-z0-9_\-])/g,"\\\\$1");return{id:r,input:t,selectedDay:0,selectedMonth:0,selectedYear:0,drawMonth:0,drawYear:0,inline:i,dpDiv:i?u(n("<div class='"+this._inlineClass+" ui-datepicker ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-all'><\/div>")):this.dpDiv}},_connectDatepicker:function(t,i){var r=n(t);if(i.append=n([]),i.trigger=n([]),!r.hasClass(this.markerClassName)){this._attachments(r,i);r.addClass(this.markerClassName).on("keydown",this._doKeyDown).on("keypress",this._doKeyPress).on("keyup",this._doKeyUp);this._autoSize(i);n.data(t,"datepicker",i);i.settings.disabled&&this._disableDatepicker(t)}},_attachments:function(t,i){var u,r,f,e=this._get(i,"appendText"),o=this._get(i,"isRTL");if(i.append&&i.append.remove(),e&&(i.append=n("<span class='"+this._appendClass+"'>"+e+"<\/span>"),t[o?"before":"after"](i.append)),t.off("focus",this._showDatepicker),i.trigger&&i.trigger.remove(),u=this._get(i,"showOn"),u==="focus"||u==="both")t.on("focus",this._showDatepicker);if(u==="button"||u==="both"){r=this._get(i,"buttonText");f=this._get(i,"buttonImage");i.trigger=n(this._get(i,"buttonImageOnly")?n("<img/>").addClass(this._triggerClass).attr({src:f,alt:r,title:r}):n("<button type='button'><\/button>").addClass(this._triggerClass).html(f?n("<img/>").attr({src:f,alt:r,title:r}):r));t[o?"before":"after"](i.trigger);i.trigger.on("click",function(){return n.datepicker._datepickerShowing&&n.datepicker._lastInput===t[0]?n.datepicker._hideDatepicker():n.datepicker._datepickerShowing&&n.datepicker._lastInput!==t[0]?(n.datepicker._hideDatepicker(),n.datepicker._showDatepicker(t[0])):n.datepicker._showDatepicker(t[0]),!1})}},_autoSize:function(n){if(this._get(n,"autoSize")&&!n.inline){var r,u,f,t,i=new Date(2009,11,20),e=this._get(n,"dateFormat");e.match(/[DM]/)&&(r=function(n){for(u=0,f=0,t=0;t<n.length;t++)n[t].length>u&&(u=n[t].length,f=t);return f},i.setMonth(r(this._get(n,e.match(/MM/)?"monthNames":"monthNamesShort"))),i.setDate(r(this._get(n,e.match(/DD/)?"dayNames":"dayNamesShort"))+20-i.getDay()));n.input.attr("size",this._formatDate(n,i).length)}},_inlineDatepicker:function(t,i){var r=n(t);r.hasClass(this.markerClassName)||(r.addClass(this.markerClassName).append(i.dpDiv),n.data(t,"datepicker",i),this._setDate(i,this._getDefaultDate(i),!0),this._updateDatepicker(i),this._updateAlternate(i),i.settings.disabled&&this._disableDatepicker(t),i.dpDiv.css("display","block"))},_dialogDatepicker:function(t,r,u,f,e){var s,h,c,l,a,o=this._dialogInst;if(!o){this.uuid+=1;s="dp"+this.uuid;this._dialogInput=n("<input type='text' id='"+s+"' style='position: absolute; top: -100px; width: 0px;'/>");this._dialogInput.on("keydown",this._doKeyDown);n("body").append(this._dialogInput);o=this._dialogInst=this._newInst(this._dialogInput,!1);o.settings={};n.data(this._dialogInput[0],"datepicker",o)}return i(o.settings,f||{}),r=r&&r.constructor===Date?this._formatDate(o,r):r,this._dialogInput.val(r),this._pos=e?e.length?e:[e.pageX,e.pageY]:null,this._pos||(h=document.documentElement.clientWidth,c=document.documentElement.clientHeight,l=document.documentElement.scrollLeft||document.body.scrollLeft,a=document.documentElement.scrollTop||document.body.scrollTop,this._pos=[h/2-100+l,c/2-150+a]),this._dialogInput.css("left",this._pos[0]+20+"px").css("top",this._pos[1]+"px"),o.settings.onSelect=u,this._inDialog=!0,this.dpDiv.addClass(this._dialogClass),this._showDatepicker(this._dialogInput[0]),n.blockUI&&n.blockUI(this.dpDiv),n.data(this._dialogInput[0],"datepicker",o),this},_destroyDatepicker:function(i){var r,u=n(i),f=n.data(i,"datepicker");u.hasClass(this.markerClassName)&&(r=i.nodeName.toLowerCase(),n.removeData(i,"datepicker"),r==="input"?(f.append.remove(),f.trigger.remove(),u.removeClass(this.markerClassName).off("focus",this._showDatepicker).off("keydown",this._doKeyDown).off("keypress",this._doKeyPress).off("keyup",this._doKeyUp)):(r==="div"||r==="span")&&u.removeClass(this.markerClassName).empty(),t===f&&(t=null))},_enableDatepicker:function(t){var i,r,u=n(t),f=n.data(t,"datepicker");u.hasClass(this.markerClassName)&&(i=t.nodeName.toLowerCase(),i==="input"?(t.disabled=!1,f.trigger.filter("button").each(function(){this.disabled=!1}).end().filter("img").css({opacity:"1.0",cursor:""})):(i==="div"||i==="span")&&(r=u.children("."+this._inlineClass),r.children().removeClass("ui-state-disabled"),r.find("select.ui-datepicker-month, select.ui-datepicker-year").prop("disabled",!1)),this._disabledInputs=n.map(this._disabledInputs,function(n){return n===t?null:n}))},_disableDatepicker:function(t){var i,r,u=n(t),f=n.data(t,"datepicker");u.hasClass(this.markerClassName)&&(i=t.nodeName.toLowerCase(),i==="input"?(t.disabled=!0,f.trigger.filter("button").each(function(){this.disabled=!0}).end().filter("img").css({opacity:"0.5",cursor:"default"})):(i==="div"||i==="span")&&(r=u.children("."+this._inlineClass),r.children().addClass("ui-state-disabled"),r.find("select.ui-datepicker-month, select.ui-datepicker-year").prop("disabled",!0)),this._disabledInputs=n.map(this._disabledInputs,function(n){return n===t?null:n}),this._disabledInputs[this._disabledInputs.length]=t)},_isDisabledDatepicker:function(n){if(!n)return!1;for(var t=0;t<this._disabledInputs.length;t++)if(this._disabledInputs[t]===n)return!0;return!1},_getInst:function(t){try{return n.data(t,"datepicker")}catch(i){throw"Missing instance data for this datepicker";}},_optionDatepicker:function(t,r,u){var e,h,o,s,f=this._getInst(t);if(arguments.length===2&&typeof r=="string")return r==="defaults"?n.extend({},n.datepicker._defaults):f?r==="all"?n.extend({},f.settings):this._get(f,r):null;e=r||{};typeof r=="string"&&(e={},e[r]=u);f&&(this._curInst===f&&this._hideDatepicker(),h=this._getDateDatepicker(t,!0),o=this._getMinMaxDate(f,"min"),s=this._getMinMaxDate(f,"max"),i(f.settings,e),o!==null&&e.dateFormat!==undefined&&e.minDate===undefined&&(f.settings.minDate=this._formatDate(f,o)),s!==null&&e.dateFormat!==undefined&&e.maxDate===undefined&&(f.settings.maxDate=this._formatDate(f,s)),"disabled"in e&&(e.disabled?this._disableDatepicker(t):this._enableDatepicker(t)),this._attachments(n(t),f),this._autoSize(f),this._setDate(f,h),this._updateAlternate(f),this._updateDatepicker(f))},_changeDatepicker:function(n,t,i){this._optionDatepicker(n,t,i)},_refreshDatepicker:function(n){var t=this._getInst(n);t&&this._updateDatepicker(t)},_setDateDatepicker:function(n,t){var i=this._getInst(n);i&&(this._setDate(i,t),this._updateDatepicker(i),this._updateAlternate(i))},_getDateDatepicker:function(n,t){var i=this._getInst(n);return i&&!i.inline&&this._setDateFromField(i,t),i?this._getDate(i):null},_doKeyDown:function(t){var u,e,f,i=n.datepicker._getInst(t.target),r=!0,o=i.dpDiv.is(".ui-datepicker-rtl");if(i._keyEvent=!0,n.datepicker._datepickerShowing)switch(t.keyCode){case 9:n.datepicker._hideDatepicker();r=!1;break;case 13:return f=n("td."+n.datepicker._dayOverClass+":not(."+n.datepicker._currentClass+")",i.dpDiv),f[0]&&n.datepicker._selectDay(t.target,i.selectedMonth,i.selectedYear,f[0]),u=n.datepicker._get(i,"onSelect"),u?(e=n.datepicker._formatDate(i),u.apply(i.input?i.input[0]:null,[e,i])):n.datepicker._hideDatepicker(),!1;case 27:n.datepicker._hideDatepicker();break;case 33:n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,t.ctrlKey?-n.datepicker._get(i,"stepBigMonths"):-n.datepicker._get(i,"stepMonths"),"M");break;case 34:n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,t.ctrlKey?+n.datepicker._get(i,"stepBigMonths"):+n.datepicker._get(i,"stepMonths"),"M");break;case 35:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._clearDate(t.target);r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;break;case 36:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._gotoToday(t.target);r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;break;case 37:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,o?1:-1,"D");r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;t.originalEvent.altKey&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,t.ctrlKey?-n.datepicker._get(i,"stepBigMonths"):-n.datepicker._get(i,"stepMonths"),"M");break;case 38:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,-7,"D");r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;break;case 39:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,o?-1:1,"D");r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;t.originalEvent.altKey&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,t.ctrlKey?+n.datepicker._get(i,"stepBigMonths"):+n.datepicker._get(i,"stepMonths"),"M");break;case 40:(t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey)&&n.datepicker._adjustDate(t.target,7,"D");r=t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey;break;default:r=!1}else t.keyCode===36&&t.ctrlKey?n.datepicker._showDatepicker(this):r=!1;r&&(t.preventDefault(),t.stopPropagation())},_doKeyPress:function(t){var i,r,u=n.datepicker._getInst(t.target);if(n.datepicker._get(u,"constrainInput"))return i=n.datepicker._possibleChars(n.datepicker._get(u,"dateFormat")),r=String.fromCharCode(t.charCode==null?t.keyCode:t.charCode),t.ctrlKey||t.metaKey||r<" "||!i||i.indexOf(r)>-1},_doKeyUp:function(t){var r,i=n.datepicker._getInst(t.target);if(i.input.val()!==i.lastVal)try{r=n.datepicker.parseDate(n.datepicker._get(i,"dateFormat"),i.input?i.input.val():null,n.datepicker._getFormatConfig(i));r&&(n.datepicker._setDateFromField(i),n.datepicker._updateAlternate(i),n.datepicker._updateDatepicker(i))}catch(u){}return!0},_showDatepicker:function(t){if(t=t.target||t,t.nodeName.toLowerCase()!=="input"&&(t=n("input",t.parentNode)[0]),!n.datepicker._isDisabledDatepicker(t)&&n.datepicker._lastInput!==t){var r,o,h,u,f,e,c;(r=n.datepicker._getInst(t),n.datepicker._curInst&&n.datepicker._curInst!==r&&(n.datepicker._curInst.dpDiv.stop(!0,!0),r&&n.datepicker._datepickerShowing&&n.datepicker._hideDatepicker(n.datepicker._curInst.input[0])),o=n.datepicker._get(r,"beforeShow"),h=o?o.apply(t,[t,r]):{},h!==!1)&&(i(r.settings,h),r.lastVal=null,n.datepicker._lastInput=t,n.datepicker._setDateFromField(r),n.datepicker._inDialog&&(t.value=""),n.datepicker._pos||(n.datepicker._pos=n.datepicker._findPos(t),n.datepicker._pos[1]+=t.offsetHeight),u=!1,n(t).parents().each(function(){return u|=n(this).css("position")==="fixed",!u}),f={left:n.datepicker._pos[0],top:n.datepicker._pos[1]},n.datepicker._pos=null,r.dpDiv.empty(),r.dpDiv.css({position:"absolute",display:"block",top:"-1000px"}),n.datepicker._updateDatepicker(r),f=n.datepicker._checkOffset(r,f,u),r.dpDiv.css({position:n.datepicker._inDialog&&n.blockUI?"static":u?"fixed":"absolute",display:"none",left:f.left+"px",top:f.top+"px"}),r.inline||(e=n.datepicker._get(r,"showAnim"),c=n.datepicker._get(r,"duration"),r.dpDiv.css("z-index",s(n(t))+1),n.datepicker._datepickerShowing=!0,n.effects&&n.effects.effect[e]?r.dpDiv.show(e,n.datepicker._get(r,"showOptions"),c):r.dpDiv[e||"show"](e?c:null),n.datepicker._shouldFocusInput(r)&&r.input.trigger("focus"),n.datepicker._curInst=r))}},_updateDatepicker:function(i){this.maxRows=4;t=i;i.dpDiv.empty().append(this._generateHTML(i));this._attachHandlers(i);var r,u=this._getNumberOfMonths(i),e=u[1],o=i.dpDiv.find("."+this._dayOverClass+" a");o.length>0&&f.apply(o.get(0));i.dpDiv.removeClass("ui-datepicker-multi-2 ui-datepicker-multi-3 ui-datepicker-multi-4").width("");e>1&&i.dpDiv.addClass("ui-datepicker-multi-"+e).css("width",17*e+"em");i.dpDiv[(u[0]!==1||u[1]!==1?"add":"remove")+"Class"]("ui-datepicker-multi");i.dpDiv[(this._get(i,"isRTL")?"add":"remove")+"Class"]("ui-datepicker-rtl");i===n.datepicker._curInst&&n.datepicker._datepickerShowing&&n.datepicker._shouldFocusInput(i)&&i.input.trigger("focus");i.yearshtml&&(r=i.yearshtml,setTimeout(function(){r===i.yearshtml&&i.yearshtml&&i.dpDiv.find("select.ui-datepicker-year:first").replaceWith(i.yearshtml);r=i.yearshtml=null},0))},_shouldFocusInput:function(n){return n.input&&n.input.is(":visible")&&!n.input.is(":disabled")&&!n.input.is(":focus")},_checkOffset:function(t,i,r){var u=t.dpDiv.outerWidth(),f=t.dpDiv.outerHeight(),h=t.input?t.input.outerWidth():0,o=t.input?t.input.outerHeight():0,e=document.documentElement.clientWidth+(r?0:n(document).scrollLeft()),s=document.documentElement.clientHeight+(r?0:n(document).scrollTop());return i.left-=this._get(t,"isRTL")?u-h:0,i.left-=r&&i.left===t.input.offset().left?n(document).scrollLeft():0,i.top-=r&&i.top===t.input.offset().top+o?n(document).scrollTop():0,i.left-=Math.min(i.left,i.left+u>e&&e>u?Math.abs(i.left+u-e):0),i.top-=Math.min(i.top,i.top+f>s&&s>f?Math.abs(f+o):0),i},_findPos:function(t){for(var i,r=this._getInst(t),u=this._get(r,"isRTL");t&&(t.type==="hidden"||t.nodeType!==1||n.expr.filters.hidden(t));)t=t[u?"previousSibling":"nextSibling"];return i=n(t).offset(),[i.left,i.top]},_hideDatepicker:function(t){var r,f,u,e,i=this._curInst;i&&(!t||i===n.data(t,"datepicker"))&&this._datepickerShowing&&(r=this._get(i,"showAnim"),f=this._get(i,"duration"),u=function(){n.datepicker._tidyDialog(i)},n.effects&&(n.effects.effect[r]||n.effects[r])?i.dpDiv.hide(r,n.datepicker._get(i,"showOptions"),f,u):i.dpDiv[r==="slideDown"?"slideUp":r==="fadeIn"?"fadeOut":"hide"](r?f:null,u),r||u(),this._datepickerShowing=!1,e=this._get(i,"onClose"),e&&e.apply(i.input?i.input[0]:null,[i.input?i.input.val():"",i]),this._lastInput=null,this._inDialog&&(this._dialogInput.css({position:"absolute",left:"0",top:"-100px"}),n.blockUI&&(n.unblockUI(),n("body").append(this.dpDiv))),this._inDialog=!1)},_tidyDialog:function(n){n.dpDiv.removeClass(this._dialogClass).off(".ui-datepicker-calendar")},_checkExternalClick:function(t){if(n.datepicker._curInst){var i=n(t.target),r=n.datepicker._getInst(i[0]);(i[0].id===n.datepicker._mainDivId||i.parents("#"+n.datepicker._mainDivId).length!==0||i.hasClass(n.datepicker.markerClassName)||i.closest("."+n.datepicker._triggerClass).length||!n.datepicker._datepickerShowing||n.datepicker._inDialog&&n.blockUI)&&(!i.hasClass(n.datepicker.markerClassName)||n.datepicker._curInst===r)||n.datepicker._hideDatepicker()}},_adjustDate:function(t,i,r){var f=n(t),u=this._getInst(f[0]);this._isDisabledDatepicker(f[0])||(this._adjustInstDate(u,i+(r==="M"?this._get(u,"showCurrentAtPos"):0),r),this._updateDatepicker(u))},_gotoToday:function(t){var r,u=n(t),i=this._getInst(u[0]);this._get(i,"gotoCurrent")&&i.currentDay?(i.selectedDay=i.currentDay,i.drawMonth=i.selectedMonth=i.currentMonth,i.drawYear=i.selectedYear=i.currentYear):(r=new Date,i.selectedDay=r.getDate(),i.drawMonth=i.selectedMonth=r.getMonth(),i.drawYear=i.selectedYear=r.getFullYear());this._notifyChange(i);this._adjustDate(u)},_selectMonthYear:function(t,i,r){var f=n(t),u=this._getInst(f[0]);u["selected"+(r==="M"?"Month":"Year")]=u["draw"+(r==="M"?"Month":"Year")]=parseInt(i.options[i.selectedIndex].value,10);this._notifyChange(u);this._adjustDate(f)},_selectDay:function(t,i,r,u){var f,e=n(t);n(u).hasClass(this._unselectableClass)||this._isDisabledDatepicker(e[0])||(f=this._getInst(e[0]),f.selectedDay=f.currentDay=n("a",u).html(),f.selectedMonth=f.currentMonth=i,f.selectedYear=f.currentYear=r,this._selectDate(t,this._formatDate(f,f.currentDay,f.currentMonth,f.currentYear)))},_clearDate:function(t){var i=n(t);this._selectDate(i,"")},_selectDate:function(t,i){var u,f=n(t),r=this._getInst(f[0]);i=i!=null?i:this._formatDate(r);r.input&&r.input.val(i);this._updateAlternate(r);u=this._get(r,"onSelect");u?u.apply(r.input?r.input[0]:null,[i,r]):r.input&&r.input.trigger("change");r.inline?this._updateDatepicker(r):(this._hideDatepicker(),this._lastInput=r.input[0],typeof r.input[0]!="object"&&r.input.trigger("focus"),this._lastInput=null)},_updateAlternate:function(t){var i,r,u,f=this._get(t,"altField");f&&(i=this._get(t,"altFormat")||this._get(t,"dateFormat"),r=this._getDate(t),u=this.formatDate(i,r,this._getFormatConfig(t)),n(f).val(u))},noWeekends:function(n){var t=n.getDay();return[t>0&&t<6,""]},iso8601Week:function(n){var i,t=new Date(n.getTime());return t.setDate(t.getDate()+4-(t.getDay()||7)),i=t.getTime(),t.setMonth(0),t.setDate(1),Math.floor(Math.round((i-t)/864e5)/7)+1},parseDate:function(t,i,r){if(t==null||i==null)throw"Invalid arguments";if(i=typeof i=="object"?i.toString():i+"",i==="")return null;for(var a,v,f=0,y=(r?r.shortYearCutoff:null)||this._defaults.shortYearCutoff,d=typeof y!="string"?y:(new Date).getFullYear()%100+parseInt(y,10),g=(r?r.dayNamesShort:null)||this._defaults.dayNamesShort,nt=(r?r.dayNames:null)||this._defaults.dayNames,tt=(r?r.monthNamesShort:null)||this._defaults.monthNamesShort,it=(r?r.monthNames:null)||this._defaults.monthNames,e=-1,s=-1,h=-1,p=-1,w=!1,u,l=function(n){var i=o+1<t.length&&t.charAt(o+1)===n;return i&&o++,i},c=function(n){var u=l(n),r=n==="@"?14:n==="!"?20:n==="y"&&u?4:n==="o"?3:2,e=n==="y"?r:1,o=new RegExp("^\\d{"+e+","+r+"}"),t=i.substring(f).match(o);if(!t)throw"Missing number at position "+f;return f+=t[0].length,parseInt(t[0],10)},k=function(t,r,u){var e=-1,o=n.map(l(t)?u:r,function(n,t){return[[t,n]]}).sort(function(n,t){return-(n[1].length-t[1].length)});if(n.each(o,function(n,t){var r=t[1];if(i.substr(f,r.length).toLowerCase()===r.toLowerCase())return e=t[0],f+=r.length,!1}),e!==-1)return e+1;throw"Unknown name at position "+f;},b=function(){if(i.charAt(f)!==t.charAt(o))throw"Unexpected literal at position "+f;f++},o=0;o<t.length;o++)if(w)t.charAt(o)!=="'"||l("'")?b():w=!1;else switch(t.charAt(o)){case"d":h=c("d");break;case"D":k("D",g,nt);break;case"o":p=c("o");break;case"m":s=c("m");break;case"M":s=k("M",tt,it);break;case"y":e=c("y");break;case"@":u=new Date(c("@"));e=u.getFullYear();s=u.getMonth()+1;h=u.getDate();break;case"!":u=new Date((c("!")-this._ticksTo1970)/1e4);e=u.getFullYear();s=u.getMonth()+1;h=u.getDate();break;case"'":l("'")?b():w=!0;break;default:b()}if(f<i.length&&(v=i.substr(f),!/^\s+/.test(v)))throw"Extra/unparsed characters found in date: "+v;if(e===-1?e=(new Date).getFullYear():e<100&&(e+=(new Date).getFullYear()-(new Date).getFullYear()%100+(e<=d?0:-100)),p>-1){s=1;h=p;do{if(a=this._getDaysInMonth(e,s-1),h<=a)break;s++;h-=a}while(1)}if(u=this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(e,s-1,h)),u.getFullYear()!==e||u.getMonth()+1!==s||u.getDate()!==h)throw"Invalid date";return u},ATOM:"yy-mm-dd",COOKIE:"D, dd M yy",ISO_8601:"yy-mm-dd",RFC_822:"D, d M y",RFC_850:"DD, dd-M-y",RFC_1036:"D, d M y",RFC_1123:"D, d M yy",RFC_2822:"D, d M yy",RSS:"D, d M y",TICKS:"!",TIMESTAMP:"@",W3C:"yy-mm-dd",_ticksTo1970:(718685+Math.floor(1970/4)-Math.floor(1970/100)+Math.floor(1970/400))*864e9,formatDate:function(n,t,i){if(!t)return"";var u,h=(i?i.dayNamesShort:null)||this._defaults.dayNamesShort,c=(i?i.dayNames:null)||this._defaults.dayNames,l=(i?i.monthNamesShort:null)||this._defaults.monthNamesShort,a=(i?i.monthNames:null)||this._defaults.monthNames,f=function(t){var i=u+1<n.length&&n.charAt(u+1)===t;return i&&u++,i},e=function(n,t,i){var r=""+t;if(f(n))while(r.length<i)r="0"+r;return r},s=function(n,t,i,r){return f(n)?r[t]:i[t]},r="",o=!1;if(t)for(u=0;u<n.length;u++)if(o)n.charAt(u)!=="'"||f("'")?r+=n.charAt(u):o=!1;else switch(n.charAt(u)){case"d":r+=e("d",t.getDate(),2);break;case"D":r+=s("D",t.getDay(),h,c);break;case"o":r+=e("o",Math.round((new 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n.datepicker._selectMonthYear(i,this,"M"),!1},selectYear:function(){return n.datepicker._selectMonthYear(i,this,"Y"),!1}};n(this).on(this.getAttribute("data-event"),t[this.getAttribute("data-handler")])})},_generateHTML:function(n){var b,s,rt,h,ut,k,ft,et,ri,c,ot,ui,fi,ei,oi,st,g,si,ht,nt,o,y,ct,p,lt,l,u,at,vt,yt,pt,tt,wt,i,bt,kt,d,a,it,dt=new Date,gt=this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(dt.getFullYear(),dt.getMonth(),dt.getDate())),f=this._get(n,"isRTL"),li=this._get(n,"showButtonPanel"),hi=this._get(n,"hideIfNoPrevNext"),ni=this._get(n,"navigationAsDateFormat"),e=this._getNumberOfMonths(n),ai=this._get(n,"showCurrentAtPos"),ci=this._get(n,"stepMonths"),ti=e[0]!==1||e[1]!==1,ii=this._daylightSavingAdjust(n.currentDay?new Date(n.currentYear,n.currentMonth,n.currentDay):new Date(9999,9,9)),w=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"min"),v=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"max"),t=n.drawMonth-ai,r=n.drawYear;if(t<0&&(t+=12,r--),v)for(b=this._daylightSavingAdjust(new 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ui-helper-clearfix"+l+"'>"+(/all|left/.test(l)&&y===0?f?ut:rt:"")+(/all|right/.test(l)&&y===0?f?rt:ut:"")+this._generateMonthYearHeader(n,t,r,w,v,y>0||p>0,ei,oi)+"<\/div><table class='ui-datepicker-calendar'><thead><tr>",at=ot?"<th class='ui-datepicker-week-col'>"+this._get(n,"weekHeader")+"<\/th>":"",o=0;o<7;o++)vt=(o+c)%7,at+="<th scope='col'"+((o+c+6)%7>=5?" class='ui-datepicker-week-end'":"")+"><span title='"+ui[vt]+"'>"+fi[vt]+"<\/span><\/th>";for(u+=at+"<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>",yt=this._getDaysInMonth(r,t),r===n.selectedYear&&t===n.selectedMonth&&(n.selectedDay=Math.min(n.selectedDay,yt)),pt=(this._getFirstDayOfMonth(r,t)-c+7)%7,tt=Math.ceil((pt+yt)/7),wt=ti?this.maxRows>tt?this.maxRows:tt:tt,this.maxRows=wt,i=this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(r,t,1-pt)),bt=0;bt<wt;bt++){for(u+="<tr>",kt=ot?"<td class='ui-datepicker-week-col'>"+this._get(n,"calculateWeek")(i)+"<\/td>":"",o=0;o<7;o++)d=st?st.apply(n.input?n.input[0]:null,[i]):[!0,""],a=i.getMonth()!==t,it=a&&!si||!d[0]||w&&i<w||v&&i>v,kt+="<td class='"+((o+c+6)%7>=5?" ui-datepicker-week-end":"")+(a?" ui-datepicker-other-month":"")+(i.getTime()===lt.getTime()&&t===n.selectedMonth&&n._keyEvent||ht.getTime()===i.getTime()&&ht.getTime()===lt.getTime()?" 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k,d,h,v,y,p,s,a,w=this._get(n,"changeMonth"),b=this._get(n,"changeYear"),g=this._get(n,"showMonthAfterYear"),c="<div class='ui-datepicker-title'>",l="";if(f||!w)l+="<span class='ui-datepicker-month'>"+e[t]+"<\/span>";else{for(k=r&&r.getFullYear()===i,d=u&&u.getFullYear()===i,l+="<select class='ui-datepicker-month' data-handler='selectMonth' data-event='change'>",h=0;h<12;h++)(!k||h>=r.getMonth())&&(!d||h<=u.getMonth())&&(l+="<option value='"+h+"'"+(h===t?" selected='selected'":"")+">"+o[h]+"<\/option>");l+="<\/select>"}if(g||(c+=l+(f||!(w&&b)?"&#xa0;":"")),!n.yearshtml)if(n.yearshtml="",f||!b)c+="<span class='ui-datepicker-year'>"+i+"<\/span>";else{for(v=this._get(n,"yearRange").split(":"),y=(new Date).getFullYear(),p=function(n){var t=n.match(/c[+\-].*/)?i+parseInt(n.substring(1),10):n.match(/[+\-].*/)?y+parseInt(n,10):parseInt(n,10);return isNaN(t)?y:t},s=p(v[0]),a=Math.max(s,p(v[1]||"")),s=r?Math.max(s,r.getFullYear()):s,a=u?Math.min(a,u.getFullYear()):a,n.yearshtml+="<select class='ui-datepicker-year' data-handler='selectYear' data-event='change'>";s<=a;s++)n.yearshtml+="<option value='"+s+"'"+(s===i?" selected='selected'":"")+">"+s+"<\/option>";n.yearshtml+="<\/select>";c+=n.yearshtml;n.yearshtml=null}return c+=this._get(n,"yearSuffix"),g&&(c+=(f||!(w&&b)?"&#xa0;":"")+l),c+"<\/div>"},_adjustInstDate:function(n,t,i){var u=n.selectedYear+(i==="Y"?t:0),f=n.selectedMonth+(i==="M"?t:0),e=Math.min(n.selectedDay,this._getDaysInMonth(u,f))+(i==="D"?t:0),r=this._restrictMinMax(n,this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(u,f,e)));n.selectedDay=r.getDate();n.drawMonth=n.selectedMonth=r.getMonth();n.drawYear=n.selectedYear=r.getFullYear();(i==="M"||i==="Y")&&this._notifyChange(n)},_restrictMinMax:function(n,t){var i=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"min"),r=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"max"),u=i&&t<i?i:t;return r&&u>r?r:u},_notifyChange:function(n){var t=this._get(n,"onChangeMonthYear");t&&t.apply(n.input?n.input[0]:null,[n.selectedYear,n.selectedMonth+1,n])},_getNumberOfMonths:function(n){var t=this._get(n,"numberOfMonths");return t==null?[1,1]:typeof t=="number"?[1,t]:t},_getMinMaxDate:function(n,t){return this._determineDate(n,this._get(n,t+"Date"),null)},_getDaysInMonth:function(n,t){return 32-this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(n,t,32)).getDate()},_getFirstDayOfMonth:function(n,t){return new Date(n,t,1).getDay()},_canAdjustMonth:function(n,t,i,r){var f=this._getNumberOfMonths(n),u=this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(i,r+(t<0?t:f[0]*f[1]),1));return t<0&&u.setDate(this._getDaysInMonth(u.getFullYear(),u.getMonth())),this._isInRange(n,u)},_isInRange:function(n,t){var i,f,e=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"min"),o=this._getMinMaxDate(n,"max"),r=null,u=null,s=this._get(n,"yearRange");return s&&(i=s.split(":"),f=(new Date).getFullYear(),r=parseInt(i[0],10),u=parseInt(i[1],10),i[0].match(/[+\-].*/)&&(r+=f),i[1].match(/[+\-].*/)&&(u+=f)),(!e||t.getTime()>=e.getTime())&&(!o||t.getTime()<=o.getTime())&&(!r||t.getFullYear()>=r)&&(!u||t.getFullYear()<=u)},_getFormatConfig:function(n){var t=this._get(n,"shortYearCutoff");return t=typeof t!="string"?t:(new Date).getFullYear()%100+parseInt(t,10),{shortYearCutoff:t,dayNamesShort:this._get(n,"dayNamesShort"),dayNames:this._get(n,"dayNames"),monthNamesShort:this._get(n,"monthNamesShort"),monthNames:this._get(n,"monthNames")}},_formatDate:function(n,t,i,r){t||(n.currentDay=n.selectedDay,n.currentMonth=n.selectedMonth,n.currentYear=n.selectedYear);var u=t?typeof t=="object"?t:this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(r,i,t)):this._daylightSavingAdjust(new Date(n.currentYear,n.currentMonth,n.currentDay));return this.formatDate(this._get(n,"dateFormat"),u,this._getFormatConfig(n))}});n.fn.datepicker=function(t){if(!this.length)return 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i=t(this).closest("td"),r=t(this).val(),f=n.keyCode||n.which,u;f===13&&(n.preventDefault(),r.length&&(u=i.closest("tr").data("usersearchid"),SCM.MyAccount.renameSaveSearch(r,u),t(this).hide(),i.find(".save-search-name-link").text(r).show(),i.find(".save-search-rename-rename").show(),i.find(".save-search-rename-save").hide(),i.find(".save-search-rename-cancel").hide()))})};n.bindTableSorter=function(n){t(n).trigger("update");var i=t(n).get(0).config.sortList;t(n).trigger("sorton",[i])};n.deleteSaveSearch=function(n){t(".alerts-wrap-cover").removeClass("uncovered");t(".alerts-wrap-cover").addClass("covered");var u="//"+i.val()+"/Solr/DeleteSolrSearchInfoWithToken",r=n.closest("tr"),f=r.data("usersearchid"),e=r.data("useralertid"),o=t("#SolrSearchAuthToken").val();t.ajax({url:u,type:"POST",dataType:"json",cache:!1,data:{userSearchId:f,userAlertId:e,token:o},success:function(n){n!=null&&(n.ReturnId&&t("#SolrSearchAuthToken").val(n.ReturnId),t(".solrSearchSaveWidget .solrSearchSaveModel 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u=i.find("#EmailAddress").val(),f=i.find("#Password").val(),v=i.find("#ConfirmPassword").val(),e=i.find("#Title").val(),o=i.find("#FirstName").val(),s=i.find("#LastName").val(),h=i.find("#CountryList").val(),c=i.find("#Telephone").val(),y=i.find("#hpcName").val(),k=i.find(".txtCaptchaInput").val(),d=t("#recaptcha_challenge_field").val(),g=t("#recaptcha_response_field").val(),l=i.find("#registerIssueAlert"),a=!1;l!=undefined&&(a=l.is(":checked")?!0:!1);var n=i.find("#hfAlertJournalId"),p=n!=undefined&&n.length>0?n.val():0,r=i.find("#hfAlertSiteId"),w=r!=undefined&&r.length>0?r.val():0,b=a?"?siteId="+w+"&journalId="+p:"";y.length>0?console.log("Honeypot captcha triggered. 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